https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/ Fri, 17 Apr 2026 07:09:05 +0000 MyBB https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Metrology-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:46:25 +0000 Dipesh S]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Metrology-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download SYLLABUS:-

UNIT - I                                                                                  
Principles of measurement: Definition of Metrology, difference between precision and accuracy. Sources of errors: Controllable and Random Errors, Effects of Environment and Temperature, Effects of support, alignment errors, application of Least Square principles, errors in measurement of a quality which is function of other variables. Introduction to Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM).   
Length Standards: Line standards, end standards and wavelength standards, transfer from line standards to end standards.  Numerical based on line standards. Slip gauges – its use and care, methods of building different heights using different sets of slip gauges. 
Limits, fits and Tolerances: Various definitions, IS919-1963, different types of  fits and methods to provide these fits.  Numerical to calculate the limits, fits and tolerances as per IS 919-1963.  ISO system of limits and fits; Gauges and its types, limit gauges – plug and ring gauges.  Gauge Design – Taylor’s Principle, wear allowance on gauges.  Different methods of giving tolerances on gauges, Numericals.

UNIT - II 
Comparators: Mechanical Comparators: Johanson Mikrokator and Sigma Mechanical Comparator. Mechanicaloptical comparator. Principles of Electrical and electronic comparators.  Pneumatic comparators – advantages, systems of Pneumatic gauging:- Flow type and back pressure type,  Principle of working of back pressure gauges, different type of sensitivities and overall magnification, Solex Pneumatic gauges and differential comparators. Numericals based on pneumatic comparators. 
Angular Measurement:  Sine Bar – different types of sine bars, use of sine bars in conjunction with slip gauges, precautions and calibration of sine bars.  Use of angle gauges, spirit level, errors in use of sine bars. Numericals. Circular Division: dividing head and circular tables, circular division by precision Polygons. Caliper Principle, Calibration of polygons.  Numerical based on circular division.

UNIT - III 
Straightness and Flatness: Definition of Straightness and Flatness error. Numericals based on determination of straightness error of straight edge with the help of spirit level and auto collimator.  Numericals based on determination of flatness error of a surface plate with the help of spirit level or auto collimator. Surface texture, different types of irregularities, standard measures for assessment and measurement of surface finish.      
Screw Thread Measurement: Errors in threads, Measurement of elements of screw threads –major dia, minor dia, pitch, flank angle and effective diameter (Two and three wire methods).  Effect of errors in pitch and flank angles and its mathematical derivation. 
Numericals. Gear Measurement:  Measurement of tooth thickness – Gear tooth vernier caliper, Constant chord method, base tangent method and derivation of mathematical formulae for each method.  Test plug method for checking pitch diameter and tooth spacing.  Measurement of Gear Pitch, Parkinson Gear Tester, Numericals.

UNIT - IV 
Machine Tool Alignment: Machine tool tests and alignment tests on lathe.  Alignment tests on milling machine.  Alignment tests on a radial drilling machine. 
Interferometry:  Principle of measurement, Interferometry applied to flatness testing, surface contour tests, optical flats, testing of parallelism of a surface with the help of  optical flat. Quantitative estimate of error in parallelism, Flatness Interferometer NPL-Gauge length interferometer for checking the error in slip gauges. Numericals based on Interferometry.]]> SYLLABUS:-

UNIT - I                                                                                  
Principles of measurement: Definition of Metrology, difference between precision and accuracy. Sources of errors: Controllable and Random Errors, Effects of Environment and Temperature, Effects of support, alignment errors, application of Least Square principles, errors in measurement of a quality which is function of other variables. Introduction to Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM).   
Length Standards: Line standards, end standards and wavelength standards, transfer from line standards to end standards.  Numerical based on line standards. Slip gauges – its use and care, methods of building different heights using different sets of slip gauges. 
Limits, fits and Tolerances: Various definitions, IS919-1963, different types of  fits and methods to provide these fits.  Numerical to calculate the limits, fits and tolerances as per IS 919-1963.  ISO system of limits and fits; Gauges and its types, limit gauges – plug and ring gauges.  Gauge Design – Taylor’s Principle, wear allowance on gauges.  Different methods of giving tolerances on gauges, Numericals.

UNIT - II 
Comparators: Mechanical Comparators: Johanson Mikrokator and Sigma Mechanical Comparator. Mechanicaloptical comparator. Principles of Electrical and electronic comparators.  Pneumatic comparators – advantages, systems of Pneumatic gauging:- Flow type and back pressure type,  Principle of working of back pressure gauges, different type of sensitivities and overall magnification, Solex Pneumatic gauges and differential comparators. Numericals based on pneumatic comparators. 
Angular Measurement:  Sine Bar – different types of sine bars, use of sine bars in conjunction with slip gauges, precautions and calibration of sine bars.  Use of angle gauges, spirit level, errors in use of sine bars. Numericals. Circular Division: dividing head and circular tables, circular division by precision Polygons. Caliper Principle, Calibration of polygons.  Numerical based on circular division.

UNIT - III 
Straightness and Flatness: Definition of Straightness and Flatness error. Numericals based on determination of straightness error of straight edge with the help of spirit level and auto collimator.  Numericals based on determination of flatness error of a surface plate with the help of spirit level or auto collimator. Surface texture, different types of irregularities, standard measures for assessment and measurement of surface finish.      
Screw Thread Measurement: Errors in threads, Measurement of elements of screw threads –major dia, minor dia, pitch, flank angle and effective diameter (Two and three wire methods).  Effect of errors in pitch and flank angles and its mathematical derivation. 
Numericals. Gear Measurement:  Measurement of tooth thickness – Gear tooth vernier caliper, Constant chord method, base tangent method and derivation of mathematical formulae for each method.  Test plug method for checking pitch diameter and tooth spacing.  Measurement of Gear Pitch, Parkinson Gear Tester, Numericals.

UNIT - IV 
Machine Tool Alignment: Machine tool tests and alignment tests on lathe.  Alignment tests on milling machine.  Alignment tests on a radial drilling machine. 
Interferometry:  Principle of measurement, Interferometry applied to flatness testing, surface contour tests, optical flats, testing of parallelism of a surface with the help of  optical flat. Quantitative estimate of error in parallelism, Flatness Interferometer NPL-Gauge length interferometer for checking the error in slip gauges. Numericals based on Interferometry.]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Organizational-Behaviour-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:41:46 +0000 Dipesh S]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Organizational-Behaviour-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download SYLLABUS:-

UNIT-I           
Introduction: Concept and nature of Organizational Behaviour; Contributing disciplines to the field of O.B.; O.B. Models; Need to understand human behaviour; Challenges and Opportunities, Management functions, Tasks and responsibilities of a professional manager; Managerial skills.

UNIT-II                    
Individual & Interpersonal Behaviour: Biographical Characteristics; Ability; Values; Attitudes-Formation, Theories, Organization related attitude, Relationship between attitude and behaviour; Personality – determinants and traits; Emotions; Learning-Theories and reinforcement schedules, Perception –Process and errors.

UNIT-III         
Organization Structure and Process: Organizational climate and culture, Organizational Structure and Design, Managerial Communication, Motivation, Stress and its management, Decision Making: Organizational Context of Decisions, Decision Making Models; Problem Solving.

UNIT-IV                   
Interactive Aspects of Organizational Behaviour: Interpersonal Behaviour: Johari Window; Transactional Analysis – ego states, types of transactions, life positions, applications of T.A, Group Dynamics; Management of Organizational Conflicts; Leadership Styles.]]> SYLLABUS:-

UNIT-I           
Introduction: Concept and nature of Organizational Behaviour; Contributing disciplines to the field of O.B.; O.B. Models; Need to understand human behaviour; Challenges and Opportunities, Management functions, Tasks and responsibilities of a professional manager; Managerial skills.

UNIT-II                    
Individual & Interpersonal Behaviour: Biographical Characteristics; Ability; Values; Attitudes-Formation, Theories, Organization related attitude, Relationship between attitude and behaviour; Personality – determinants and traits; Emotions; Learning-Theories and reinforcement schedules, Perception –Process and errors.

UNIT-III         
Organization Structure and Process: Organizational climate and culture, Organizational Structure and Design, Managerial Communication, Motivation, Stress and its management, Decision Making: Organizational Context of Decisions, Decision Making Models; Problem Solving.

UNIT-IV                   
Interactive Aspects of Organizational Behaviour: Interpersonal Behaviour: Johari Window; Transactional Analysis – ego states, types of transactions, life positions, applications of T.A, Group Dynamics; Management of Organizational Conflicts; Leadership Styles.]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Refrigeration-and-Air-conditioning-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:34:09 +0000 Dipesh S]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Refrigeration-and-Air-conditioning-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download SYLLABUS:-

UNIT–I     
Introduction to Refrigeration: Brief history of refrigeration. Concepts of various refrigeration systems, Heat Pump COP, Unit of Refrigeration,  
Air Refrigeration systems: Bell Coleman Cycle, Dense Air System, Open Air System, Analysis of Simple Air Refrigeration Cycle for Aircraft.  
Refrigerants: ASHRAE Nomenclature. Eco Friendly Refrigerants, Properties of Refrigerants, Introduction to Azeotropic & Non Azeotropic Refrigerant Mixtures (NARM).

UNIT–II   
Vapour Compression Refrigeration System: Simple Saturated Cycle. T-S, P-h diagrams. COP. Dry and Wet Compression.  Effect of operating parameters. Liquid-Suction Heat Exchanger. Actual vapour compression cycle.  
Compound Vapour Compression System: Concepts of  (i) Liquid Flash cooler, (ii) Flash Inter cooler. (iii) Back pressure valves. (iv) Individual Expansion valves (v) Multiple expansion valves. 
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System: Vapour absorption refrigeration system for NH3-H2O & LiBr-H2O. Electrolux Refrigerator.

UNIT III:   
Instruments & Controls: Sensing and Actuating Elements, H.P and L.P cut out, Thermostat, Solenoid valve, Rotameter, Humidistat, Anemometer etc. 
Components of Refrigeration System: Classification of compressors, Reciprocating compressor, Clearance Volume and Volumetric efficiency, Need for Multistage Compression, Different types of Condensers, Expansion devices and Evaporators.

UNIT IV:   
Psychrometry: Brief History of Air Conditioning. Working substance in Air Conditioning system. Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures. Psychometric Properties and Psychometric Chart. Psychometric Processes, Concept of Room Sensible Heat Factor, Grand Sensible Heat Factor, Apparatus Dew point, Effective Sensible Heat Factor. High Latent Heat Load applications, Human comfort, Summer & Winter Air Conditioning.  
Heat Load Estimation: Inside and Outside design conditions. Solar heat gain through glass and structures. Occupancy load, Lighting load and miscellaneous loads. Infiltration and Ventilation. Summary of Heat Loads.  Duct Design.]]> SYLLABUS:-

UNIT–I     
Introduction to Refrigeration: Brief history of refrigeration. Concepts of various refrigeration systems, Heat Pump COP, Unit of Refrigeration,  
Air Refrigeration systems: Bell Coleman Cycle, Dense Air System, Open Air System, Analysis of Simple Air Refrigeration Cycle for Aircraft.  
Refrigerants: ASHRAE Nomenclature. Eco Friendly Refrigerants, Properties of Refrigerants, Introduction to Azeotropic & Non Azeotropic Refrigerant Mixtures (NARM).

UNIT–II   
Vapour Compression Refrigeration System: Simple Saturated Cycle. T-S, P-h diagrams. COP. Dry and Wet Compression.  Effect of operating parameters. Liquid-Suction Heat Exchanger. Actual vapour compression cycle.  
Compound Vapour Compression System: Concepts of  (i) Liquid Flash cooler, (ii) Flash Inter cooler. (iii) Back pressure valves. (iv) Individual Expansion valves (v) Multiple expansion valves. 
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System: Vapour absorption refrigeration system for NH3-H2O & LiBr-H2O. Electrolux Refrigerator.

UNIT III:   
Instruments & Controls: Sensing and Actuating Elements, H.P and L.P cut out, Thermostat, Solenoid valve, Rotameter, Humidistat, Anemometer etc. 
Components of Refrigeration System: Classification of compressors, Reciprocating compressor, Clearance Volume and Volumetric efficiency, Need for Multistage Compression, Different types of Condensers, Expansion devices and Evaporators.

UNIT IV:   
Psychrometry: Brief History of Air Conditioning. Working substance in Air Conditioning system. Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures. Psychometric Properties and Psychometric Chart. Psychometric Processes, Concept of Room Sensible Heat Factor, Grand Sensible Heat Factor, Apparatus Dew point, Effective Sensible Heat Factor. High Latent Heat Load applications, Human comfort, Summer & Winter Air Conditioning.  
Heat Load Estimation: Inside and Outside design conditions. Solar heat gain through glass and structures. Occupancy load, Lighting load and miscellaneous loads. Infiltration and Ventilation. Summary of Heat Loads.  Duct Design.]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Fluid-Systems-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:19:11 +0000 Dipesh S]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Fluid-Systems-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download SYLLABUS:-

UNIT - I 
Introduction: Introduction and classification of fluid machineries; Introduction to hydrodynamic thrust of jet on a fixed and moving surface (flat & curve), jet propulsion.  
Hydraulic Turbines: Classification of turbines, Impulse turbines, Constructional details, Velocity triangles, Power and efficiency calculations, Governing of Pelton wheel. 

UNIT – II 
Reaction Turbines:  Francis and Kaplan turbines, Constructional details, Velocity triangles, Power and efficiency calculations, Degree of reaction, Draft tube, Cavitations in turbines, Performance characteristics, Principles of similarity, Unit and specific speed, selection of turbines hydroelectric plants. 
Centrifugal Pumps: Classifications and utility of various type pumps, introduction to centrifugal Pumps, Vector diagram, Work done by impellor, Efficiencies of centrifugal pumps, Specific speed, Model testing, Cavitations & separation and their control, Performance characteristics.

UNIT – III 
Hydraulic Power and its Transmission: Transmission of hydraulic power through pipe lines; water hammer; precautions against water hammer in turbine and pump installations.  
Power Hydraulics: Introduction to Positive pumps (gear, vane, screw, variable delivery pumps), Different types of Valves (flow control, pressure control, direction control, solenoid operated valve).

UNIT – IV           
Hydraulic systems: Function, construction and operation of Hydraulic accumulator, hydraulic intensifier, hydraulic crane, hydraulic lift and hydraulic press, Fluid coupling and torque converter, 
Hydraulic ram Hydraulic and Pneumatic Circuits: Basic principles, comparison of pneumatic and hydraulic Systems, hydraulic circuits, (meter-in, meter-out, bleed-off).]]> SYLLABUS:-

UNIT - I 
Introduction: Introduction and classification of fluid machineries; Introduction to hydrodynamic thrust of jet on a fixed and moving surface (flat & curve), jet propulsion.  
Hydraulic Turbines: Classification of turbines, Impulse turbines, Constructional details, Velocity triangles, Power and efficiency calculations, Governing of Pelton wheel. 

UNIT – II 
Reaction Turbines:  Francis and Kaplan turbines, Constructional details, Velocity triangles, Power and efficiency calculations, Degree of reaction, Draft tube, Cavitations in turbines, Performance characteristics, Principles of similarity, Unit and specific speed, selection of turbines hydroelectric plants. 
Centrifugal Pumps: Classifications and utility of various type pumps, introduction to centrifugal Pumps, Vector diagram, Work done by impellor, Efficiencies of centrifugal pumps, Specific speed, Model testing, Cavitations & separation and their control, Performance characteristics.

UNIT – III 
Hydraulic Power and its Transmission: Transmission of hydraulic power through pipe lines; water hammer; precautions against water hammer in turbine and pump installations.  
Power Hydraulics: Introduction to Positive pumps (gear, vane, screw, variable delivery pumps), Different types of Valves (flow control, pressure control, direction control, solenoid operated valve).

UNIT – IV           
Hydraulic systems: Function, construction and operation of Hydraulic accumulator, hydraulic intensifier, hydraulic crane, hydraulic lift and hydraulic press, Fluid coupling and torque converter, 
Hydraulic ram Hydraulic and Pneumatic Circuits: Basic principles, comparison of pneumatic and hydraulic Systems, hydraulic circuits, (meter-in, meter-out, bleed-off).]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Metal-Cutting-and-Tool-Design-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:15:07 +0000 Dipesh S]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Metal-Cutting-and-Tool-Design-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download SYLLABUS:-

UNIT - I 
Introduction: Definition of feed, depth of cut and cutting speed. Concept of specific cutting energy in metal cutting and Numerical based on calculation of machining time on lathe, drilling machine, shaper, milling machine and grinding machines considering specific cutting energy of materials. 
Theory of Metal Cutting: Orthogonal and oblique cutting, tool geometry (ASA & ISO), types of chips, Factors affecting the chip formation, Cutting forces in orthogonal cutting and their measurement, Merchant circle and derivation of relationships between the cutting forces, chip thickness ratio, shear angle, stress and strain in the chip, work done and power required in metal cutting and ‘size effect’, apparent mean shear strength of work material. 

UNIT - II 
Ernst Merchant Theory: Ernst Merchant Theory, its assumptions and modifications. Relationship between cutting velocity, shear velocity and chip flow velocity. Mechanism of friction at chip-tool interface. Numericals based on metal-cutting. Lee & Shafer Theory – slip line method, determination of shear angle by Mohrs circle. 
Heat Generation in Metal Cutting: Heat generation and temperature distribution in metal cutting. Calculation of temperature in primary and secondary deformation zones and their measuring methods.

UNIT - III 
Machinability: Machinability and its criteria, forms of tool-wear in metal cutting, tool-life and its criteria, effect of different cutting parameters on tool-life. Economics of machining and numericals. Cutting fluids, their physical action and applications. 
Grinding: Specifications of grinding wheel, Mechanics of grinding, effect of grinding conditions and type of grinding on wheel behaviour, equivalent diameter of grinding wheel. 

UNIT - IV 
Cutting Tool Design: General considerations, study of angle for single point cutting and drill. Principles of different cutting tool materials and their important characteristics. Geometry of a drill. Basic principles of design of a single point and multiple point tools i.e broaches and twist drill. 
Jigs & Fixtures: Important considerations in jigs and fixture design. Main principles of designing of jigs & fixtures, elements of Jigs and fixtures. Different devices and methods of locations. Different types of clamps used in jigs & fixtures. []]> SYLLABUS:-

UNIT - I 
Introduction: Definition of feed, depth of cut and cutting speed. Concept of specific cutting energy in metal cutting and Numerical based on calculation of machining time on lathe, drilling machine, shaper, milling machine and grinding machines considering specific cutting energy of materials. 
Theory of Metal Cutting: Orthogonal and oblique cutting, tool geometry (ASA & ISO), types of chips, Factors affecting the chip formation, Cutting forces in orthogonal cutting and their measurement, Merchant circle and derivation of relationships between the cutting forces, chip thickness ratio, shear angle, stress and strain in the chip, work done and power required in metal cutting and ‘size effect’, apparent mean shear strength of work material. 

UNIT - II 
Ernst Merchant Theory: Ernst Merchant Theory, its assumptions and modifications. Relationship between cutting velocity, shear velocity and chip flow velocity. Mechanism of friction at chip-tool interface. Numericals based on metal-cutting. Lee & Shafer Theory – slip line method, determination of shear angle by Mohrs circle. 
Heat Generation in Metal Cutting: Heat generation and temperature distribution in metal cutting. Calculation of temperature in primary and secondary deformation zones and their measuring methods.

UNIT - III 
Machinability: Machinability and its criteria, forms of tool-wear in metal cutting, tool-life and its criteria, effect of different cutting parameters on tool-life. Economics of machining and numericals. Cutting fluids, their physical action and applications. 
Grinding: Specifications of grinding wheel, Mechanics of grinding, effect of grinding conditions and type of grinding on wheel behaviour, equivalent diameter of grinding wheel. 

UNIT - IV 
Cutting Tool Design: General considerations, study of angle for single point cutting and drill. Principles of different cutting tool materials and their important characteristics. Geometry of a drill. Basic principles of design of a single point and multiple point tools i.e broaches and twist drill. 
Jigs & Fixtures: Important considerations in jigs and fixture design. Main principles of designing of jigs & fixtures, elements of Jigs and fixtures. Different devices and methods of locations. Different types of clamps used in jigs & fixtures. []]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Machine-Design-II-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:08:59 +0000 Dipesh S]]> https://studentsuvidha.com/forum/Thread-Machine-Design-II-IPU-ME-notes-and-question-paper-free-download SYLLABUS:-

UNIT-I 
Design of Elements:-   Mechanical Drives:  Selection of transmission, Design of helical, bevel and worm gears, ,dynamic and wear loads, selection and design of flat and V belt and roller chain drives.

UNIT II 
Friction Clutches & Brakes:  Common friction materials, shoe, band, cone, disc brakes and clamp brakes, their characteristics and design, friction clutches.

UNIT III 
Bearings and Lubrication: Types of sliding bearing, materials, type of lubrication, design of  sliding bearing, McKee’s equation,  various types of ball & roller bearings,  selection and application of ball & roller bearings, seals.

UNIT IV 
Hoisting Elements:  Wire ropes, hooks, pulleys Engine Parts:  Piston, connecting rod, crank shaft for single cylinder engine.]]> SYLLABUS:-

UNIT-I 
Design of Elements:-   Mechanical Drives:  Selection of transmission, Design of helical, bevel and worm gears, ,dynamic and wear loads, selection and design of flat and V belt and roller chain drives.

UNIT II 
Friction Clutches & Brakes:  Common friction materials, shoe, band, cone, disc brakes and clamp brakes, their characteristics and design, friction clutches.

UNIT III 
Bearings and Lubrication: Types of sliding bearing, materials, type of lubrication, design of  sliding bearing, McKee’s equation,  various types of ball & roller bearings,  selection and application of ball & roller bearings, seals.

UNIT IV 
Hoisting Elements:  Wire ropes, hooks, pulleys Engine Parts:  Piston, connecting rod, crank shaft for single cylinder engine.]]>