SYLLABUS:-

UNIT- I   
Global Information System (GIS): Introduction, scope and benefits of GIS; application areas of GIS; functional components and elements of GIS; geographic objects: scale, accuracy and resolution. 
GIS Cartography and Maps: Digital cartography: selection, classification and simplification; exaggeration and symbolization for cartographic abstraction; Types of Maps; map elements: projection, direction, scale and co-ordinates; Geodatabases; GIS map outputs; Topographic mapping.

UNIT- II  
Geographic Data: Spatial and attribute data; vector and raster models; points, lines, polygon features; computed and associated attributes; grids, cells and image data; linking spatial and attributed data. 
Geoprocessing: Geographic co-ordinate system: latitudes and longitudes; Geoids Spheroids ellipsoids and datum’s; projections and transformations.

UNIT- III 
Global Positioning System (GPS): Introduction; GPS components: systems, scales and codes; error and accuracy of GPS observation; Differential GPS. 
Fundamentals of Satellite Orbits: Orbital Mechanics, Constellation Design 
Remote Sensing (RS): Introduction; application of RS; electromagnetic radiation; spectral signatures; aerial/satellite image characteristics: spatial, spectral, radiometric and temporal.

UNIT- IV  
Statistics: Spatial statistics; independent and dependent variables; continuous data: sampling, correlation, regression, frequency and descriptive analysis; discrete data. 
Interpolation: Characteristic interpolators; deterministic interpolators; evaluating interpolators.