SYLLQUESTION PAPERS:-
SYLLABUS:-
UNIT I
Flow in open channels: Type of channels, classification of flows, continuity energy and momentum equation, concept of critical depth and specific energy, critical depth for rectangular, triangular, circular and trapezoidal channels, flow through transition with a hump and with change in width (contraction and expansion).
Uniform flow: Chezy’s equation, Manning’s formula, Factors affecting Manning’s roughness coefficient, velocity distribution, shear stress distribution, Uniform flow computations for rectangular, trapezoidal and circular channels, standard line canal channels, Hydraulically efficient channel sections, compound sections, Critical slope and limit slope, Design of irrigation canals.
UNIT II
Gradually Varied Flow: Classification of flow profiles, M, S, C, H and A profiles, control sections, serial combination of channel sections, Transitional depth, numerical solution of gradually varied flow problems.
Hydraulic jump: Hydraulic jump in rectangular channel: sequent depth ratio, Energy loss; Classification of jumps, characteristics of jumps in rectangular channels, use of jump as an energy dissipater.
UNIT III
Sediment Transport : Hydraulics of mobile bed channels, sediment load, bed load, suspended load, Design of stable channels carrying clear water using Critical Tractive Force Approach, Regime channels, Kennedy equation and Lacey’s equations, Lining of irrigation canals, Design of lined irrigation canals.
UNIT IV
The finite volume Method for Diffusion Problems: Introduction, one-dimensional steady state diffusion, twodimentional diffusion problems, discritised equations for diffusion problems.
The Finite volume Method for Convection-Diffusion Problems: Steady one-dimensional convection and diffusion, The central differencing scheme.
Basic mechanisms for mixing: Laminar and turbulent diffusion, Dispersion and advection. Mixing in rivers, lakes and coastal waters.
The general transport (advection-diffusion) equation: Formulation and special cases, Transport processes and spreading of pollutant. Balance equations for water and pollutants in surface water systems.
SYLLABUS:-
UNIT I
Flow in open channels: Type of channels, classification of flows, continuity energy and momentum equation, concept of critical depth and specific energy, critical depth for rectangular, triangular, circular and trapezoidal channels, flow through transition with a hump and with change in width (contraction and expansion).
Uniform flow: Chezy’s equation, Manning’s formula, Factors affecting Manning’s roughness coefficient, velocity distribution, shear stress distribution, Uniform flow computations for rectangular, trapezoidal and circular channels, standard line canal channels, Hydraulically efficient channel sections, compound sections, Critical slope and limit slope, Design of irrigation canals.
UNIT II
Gradually Varied Flow: Classification of flow profiles, M, S, C, H and A profiles, control sections, serial combination of channel sections, Transitional depth, numerical solution of gradually varied flow problems.
Hydraulic jump: Hydraulic jump in rectangular channel: sequent depth ratio, Energy loss; Classification of jumps, characteristics of jumps in rectangular channels, use of jump as an energy dissipater.
UNIT III
Sediment Transport : Hydraulics of mobile bed channels, sediment load, bed load, suspended load, Design of stable channels carrying clear water using Critical Tractive Force Approach, Regime channels, Kennedy equation and Lacey’s equations, Lining of irrigation canals, Design of lined irrigation canals.
UNIT IV
The finite volume Method for Diffusion Problems: Introduction, one-dimensional steady state diffusion, twodimentional diffusion problems, discritised equations for diffusion problems.
The Finite volume Method for Convection-Diffusion Problems: Steady one-dimensional convection and diffusion, The central differencing scheme.
Basic mechanisms for mixing: Laminar and turbulent diffusion, Dispersion and advection. Mixing in rivers, lakes and coastal waters.
The general transport (advection-diffusion) equation: Formulation and special cases, Transport processes and spreading of pollutant. Balance equations for water and pollutants in surface water systems.
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