centrigual pump : fluid mechanics

[rkrusty]

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Centrifugal pump works on the principle of forced vortex flow which means that when a certain amount of liquid is rotating by an external torque, then the rise in pressure head of rotating liquid takes place, and rise in pressure head at any point of rotating liqued is proportional to the square of tengential velocity of liquid at any point. and {rise of pressure head = VxV/2g}.
at the outlet of impeller if radius is more then the rise of pressure head will be more. Due to this pressure head more liquid will discharge with more velocity/pressure. And due to high pressure head liquid can be lift up to high leve.

PARTS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

• Impeller
  
• Casing
  
• Suction pipe
  
• Delivery pipe
  
• Foot valve
  
• Sump
  

IMPELLER:--
The rotating part of centrifugal pump is called impeller. and it contains series of backward curved wanes. The impeller is mounted on shaft and shaft is connected with electric motor.

CASING:--
The casing of centrifugal pump is an airtight passage surrounding impeller and is designed in such a way that kinetic energy of water discharged at the outlet of impeller is converted into pressure energy before the water leaves the casing and enters the delivery pipe. It is designed in such a way that kinetic energy of liquid discharged at the outlet is converted in pressure energy before water leaves the pump.

there are three types of casing, and these are:--

• VOLUTE CASING 
  
• VORTEX CASING
  
• CASING WITH GUIDE BLADES
  

VORTEX CASING
If circular chamber is introduced between the casing and the impeller then the casing is known as vortex casing. By introducing the circular chamber efficiency of pump is increased.

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